Organic nervetronics is a new field of neuroprosthetics in which electrophysiological signals are relayed by the organic artificial synapses and artificial neurons instead of damaged nerves in the body. Artificial synapses and neurons can emulate the functions of biological sensorimotor  nerves with electric circuits integrated with sensors and actuators. Herein organic electronics emerged as attractive candidates for composing nervetronics based on easy tunability of material properties, good solution processability, and biocompatibility. Therefore, we fabricated artificial nerve systems with soft organic materials for flexible and stretchable nervetronics and we demonstrated the signal transmission through the artificial nerve. We fabricated flexible artificial afferent(sensory) nerves which process the pressure stimuli into appropriate  electrophysiological signal and constructed hybrid bioelectronic reflex arc by connecting biological motor nerves of cockroaches.

Furthermore, we demonstrated fully stretchable artificial efferent(motor) nerve by wavy nanowire printing. We demonstrated the light-interactive actuating motion of polymer actuator through the artificial nerve processing. This result suggested a promising strategy toward developing human-machine interfaces and bioinspired soft robotics. With the stretchable artificial efferent nerves, they also could reproduce the coordinated bipedal movement of anesthetized mouse’s hind limb. [3] Practical motion such as ‘kicking a ball’ and ‘walking/running’ could be successfully implemented. These movements were controlled more precisely by feedback produced by artificial proprioception. The electrophysiological signals recorded from the motor cortex in the brain could be used as presynaptic signals for the stretchable artificial nerves and caused the muscle movement. Here, we present novel strategy for next-generation neuromorphic bioelectronics based on organic nervetronics.