Emerging energy and electronics technologies such as lightweight solar cells, low power computing devices, and earth-abundant water splitting catalysts could power the renewable energy transition, but their impact is limited by performance and manufacturability. Scalable nanomanufacturing via printing could address these needs by allowing low-cost integration of high-performance materials over large areas and in new 3D geometries.

We apply printing to three challenges in scalable fabrication: 1) How to print high performance ultrathin semiconductors using liquid metals, 2) How to design stretchable radio-frequency (RF) wearable circuits, and 3) how to print 3D electrodes for energy devices. We focus on an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) metal oxides printed via roll-based Cabrera Mott oxidation of liquid metals. We discuss the engineering of heterostructures of 2D oxides as degenerate TCOs and as semiconducting channels for transistors and we examine the impact of quantum confinement on their optoelectronic properties towards applications in large area systems. We next investigate the physics of liquid metals for high-frequency signal conduction for wireless power transfer and mechanical sensing, showing the capabilities of deformable transmission lines. Finally, we present 3D-printed microlattices for electrocatalysis, showing how graph-theory and additive manufacturing can be used to boost efficiency and enhance mass- transport.